Coconut Shell charcoal

Charcoal is a black residue containing impure carbon produced by removing water content and volatile components of animal or plant. Charcoal is generally obtained by heating wood, sugar, bone, and other objects. Charcoal black, lightweight, easily destroyed, and resemble the coal is composed of 85% to 98% carbon, the remainder is ash or other chemical objects (Source: Wikipedia)

•  coconut shell charcoal is charcoal produced from coconut shells combustion with traditional systems as well as systems Klin

Applications Using Coconut Shell

A. Applications Gas Treatment

1. Solvent Recovery, to recover organic content in the framework of the process of economic optimization and control exhaust emissions. Application usage: Acetate fibers (acetone), pharmaceuticals (methylene chloride), the film coating and printing (ethly acetate), magnetic tape (MEK).
2. Carbon dioxide, CO2 is used for the purification of the fermentation. Applications use: Adsorption alcohols, amines and mercaptans.
3. Industrial respirators, is used for the adsorption of organic content.
4. Disposal of Waste Gas, Disposal of domestic, chemical and clinical Incineration of waste by high temperature. Application Usage: removal of heavy metals and dioxins from flue gas.
5. Cigarette, is used as a filter. Application Usage: To extract the dangerous element of smoke and flavor.
6. AC, Heating ventilation and air conditioning (Hevac), applied in airports, offices, malls etc. Application Usage: remove odor and absorb harmful gases.
7. Composite fibers, impregnation of activated carbon powder in the foam / fiber / non-woven substance. Application Usage: air treatment, mask, shoes to reduce odor and water treatment.
8. Fridge de-oderisers, in situ Filter Unit. Application Usage: Eliminates the smell of rotten food, commonly used in trucks transporting food.

B. Application Liquid Treatment

1. Potable water treatment, Granular activated carbons (GAC) filter unit installed in Application Usage: Removes dissolved organic contaminants, keeping the taste and smell.
2. Soft Drink, Potable Water treatment with chlorine sterilization. Application Usage: Removes chlorine, and adsorbs organic contaminants
3.  Beer, Potable Water Treatment Application Usage: Eliminate trihalomethanes and Phenolic
4. Semi Conductor, Ultra High Water Purification Application Usage: Reducing total organic carbon (TOC)
5. Gold Recovery, the operation of Carbon in Leach (CIL), Carbon in Pulp (CIP) and Heap Leach Circuit. Application Usage: Recovery of gold from the "tailing" dissolved in Sodium Cyanide
6. Petrochemicals, Recycle of steam condensate for BFW. Application Usage: Eliminate oil and hydrocarbon contaminants.
7. Groundwater, contamination of the industry. Application Usage: Reduce Total Organic Halogens (TOX) and absorb Adsorbable Organic Halogen (AOX)
8. Waste Water, to achieve environmental standards. Application Usage: Reduce TOX, BOD and COD.
9. Swimming Pool, which involves the injection of ozone to remove organic contaminants. Application Usage: Eliminates residual Ozone and control kloramine level.

How to make Coconut Shell Charcoal

1. Combustion using authoring Burning hole and kitchen can be done with one of the following ways.

• 1) or in the kitchen authoring hole filled shell as high as 30 cm, then burned. When it started burning shell layer, upon layer burning incorporated new shell again as much as the previous layer. This is done continuously until the room is fully charged. After that, a hole or kilns are closed tightly. If using a pit burning, the top cover can be added to the soil so that the closure becomes more tightly.

• 2) Go to the middle hole or kitchen authoring placed perpendicular balo wood or bamboo (15-20 cm diameter), then the shell is filled to the brim. Thereafter, wood or bamboo beams lifted slowly and carefully so that in the middle of a pit or kitchen authoring formed a small hole. To the bottom of a small hole was included coir or leaves that have been soaked with kerosene, then burned. Shell will burn from the bottom, then will propagate upwards. As soon as all the burnt shell, holes or kitchen authoring closed tightly. To remove the smoke, 2 times a day on the open lid. The authoring process lasts 5-7 days.

2. Combustion Using a Kiln

• 1) Kiln shell filled with as dense and as close as possible. Kiln made of drums can be filled in 90 kg shell.

• 2) air hole first and second row from the top is closed. After that, in a basic room "gauze first fire" put flammable materials, such as dried leaves and husks that have been soaked with kerosene and burned. Then kiln closed.

• 3) As soon as the shell at the bottom of the kiln burning, and the fire began to spread to the top of the third hole open, the third hole is sealed. Meanwhile, the second line opened hole. And so on up to the first pit row (top).

• 4) During combustion, the volume of coal will be reduced, because the shell can be added to meet the volume authoring space.

3. Sorting and Packaging

• After completion burned, charcoal is burned. Perfect unburned charcoal burned back. Charcoal burn completely sifted with woven wire (large aperture of 0.6 to 1.0 cm) to separate the soil, dust and gravel. Before packed, charcoal left in the open air for 12-15 days. Afterwards, the charcoal is packed in a plastic bag or sack.

• Make charcoal shell (Shell) Coconut Drum Kiln System
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The process of making charcoal

• Cheap and simple, that is the key technology for making charcoal with a drum system, charcoal yield any results far above the traditional way.

• The yield of charcoal or the results obtained in this way is high. According to the Forest Products Research and Development research, which modify it, the yield of charcoal produced by this instrument ranges from 34-39% of the weight of dried coconut shells. Can be compared, for example, with a yield of charcoal made traditionally, only 25%. This makes the high yield production of charcoal, the same material the number is higher. The authoring technology can certainly be used as one of the attractive alternatives that could be developed in the domestic industry.

• Authoring means it can be made of drums. Construction and operation of processing furnace was easily done by anyone who is interested, without special education. In addition, if the potential of coconut shell in an area large enough, then the drum system can also be developed into a small or medium-scale industries. By doing so, authoring center in the rural areas will be able to supply coconut shell charcoal continuously in large quantities.
• Design Tools
• Materials used are discarded kerosene drum volume of 200 liters. Close the drum is separated (cut) from the body so that it can be opened and is closed. Close this kiln hollowed center, this hole will be connected to the chimney height 30 cm, the same diameter.
• Next. Agency perforated kiln drum, diameter 13 mm. The air holes consisting of 3 rows, each row consisting of 4 holes, with the spacing between rows 30 cm. Thus the total number of holes there are 12 pieces (see picture)

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• Preparing Material Shell

1. Charred shell will preferably in air dry state. Water content not more than 20%. The goal is that the combustion process can go faster and do not produce a lot of smoke that could disturb the neighborhood. In order for the good quality charcoal, before it is purged from the coconut shell fiber, soil, sand and other debris attached. The size and shape of shells arranged in order to fill the drum as much as possible and produce charcoal that meet the required standard sizes. Preferably the size of the smallest shell width of 2.5 cm. If good arrangement, the drum can accommodate 90 kg of material, it could be more.

1. Charging materials

• Before put into the drum shell, a piece of wood and bamboo diameter of 10 cm length 1 m placed upright in the center of the drum. Furthermore, the kiln shell is filled to the brim. After that, piece of wood or bamboo withdrawn slowly, to form a hole in the center of the drum.

• To facilitate the initial combustion, basic drum should be fed fuels such as scraps of paper, dried leaves, twigs wood, or sprinkling kerosene.

1. Combustion Process

• At first, feed fuel ignited. If combustion has taken place and it is estimated the fire would not die, the kiln was closed and then mounted chimney. During the authoring process, bari bottom air hole is opened, while two rows of holes in it covered with asbestos or clay. The authoring process started from the bottom and moving upwards. Authoring at the bottom of the drum is deemed to have finished when it happened red embers, which can be seen in all of the air holes in the bottom line are open. At such times, the air holes was immediately closed. Well, that's when a new shell can be added from the top of the drum. When the bottom line of the hole was closed, then the next hole lines should be opened. If any part of this line has been smoldering charcoal red, the hole immediately closed.
• The procedure is repeated until a coal burning on the top line of the hole. Authoring process is considered complete when the smoke coming out of the chimney is thin and bluish. In this situation, all air holes are still open, including the chimney, are closed tightly. To prevent the possibility of the persistence of the incoming air, kiln closed with sand or soil. The entry of air into the drum will create a shell which is expected to become charcoal instead turned into ashes. This of course will degrade the quality of the charcoal produced.
• Once considered a sure no air can get into the kiln body, allowed to cool drum about 6 hours. Once cool, the lid is opened and the results of the charcoal kiln is separated from the crude ash and charcoal. With this method, if the procedure is fulfilled, it is unlikely to be formed raw charcoal.

1. Cheaper

• Now, if the former drum it still feels expensive. You can use other materials that are cheaper, which like brick and clay. Another advantage of this technology implementation, the raw material which will not have to merely charred coconut shells. If the coconut shell is up, the kiln can be used to compose twigs, branches, or small pieces of wood. If people prefer to compose twigs and fallen branches or pieces of dead wood, felling of trees as raw material for charcoal can be reduced or even avoided.